Railway Systems, as discussed in this article, refers to the Train Operation Facility (Fasop KA) systems — the hardware and software within the scope of Signaling, Telecommunication, and Electrical systems (per Indonesian Law No. 23/2007, Article 59), plus the AFC (Automatic Fare Collection) and PSD (Platform Screen Doors) systems — collectively referred to here as Fasop KA Plus (Sintelis Plus).
Railway transportation itself is a unified system consisting of infrastructure, rolling stock, and human resources, along with the norms, criteria, requirements, and procedures for operating rail transport (Law No. 23/2007, Article 1(1)). The Sintelis Plus systems covered are:
- Substation System (SBS)
- Overhead Contact System (OCS)
- Third Rail System (TRS)
- Power Distribution System (PDS)
- Signaling System (SIG)
- Telecommunication System (TEL)
- Facility SCADA (FSC)
- Automatic Fare Collection System (AFC)
- Platform Screen Doors (PSD)
Substation System (SBS) is part of the power generation, transmission, and distribution system that converts high voltage to low voltage (or vice versa). For commuter rail, LRT, and MRT in Jakarta, substations transform power from high voltage (150kV/70kV) to medium voltage (20kV) at a fixed 50 Hz frequency, and come in three types: the Receiving Substation (RSS), which takes supply from the state grid; the Traction Substation (TSS), which converts it to 1500V DC for traction power; and the Service Substation (SSS), which steps it down to 380–220V AC for station and depot equipment.
Overhead Contact System (OCS) delivers electrical energy to trains via a pantograph. Jakarta MRT uses two types: the Simple Catenary System (SCS) for depots and elevated tracks, and the Rigid Suspension System (RISS) for underground sections.
Third Rail System (TRS) delivers traction power through an additional conductor rail contacted by shoes on the train, with the return current routed back to the substation via the track.
Power Distribution System (PDS) connects the main substation to consumers, distributing 20kV from the RSS to each station and depot, where it is stepped down to 380V/220V, backed by dual feeders for system reliability.
This article was originally published on the founder's personal Railway Systems blog (2019), and has been moved here as it is directly relevant to our experience delivering the Railway Systems Application Platform project.
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